A New Thermodynamics
Abstract
Accepting that expanding systems must upwardly displace Earth’s atmosphere’s weight, and that
this signifies lost work, renders most useful processes irreversible. This simple realization has not
been properly addressed in thermodynamics, allowing ill-conceived second law based
explanations to prevail. We will discuss how this mistake originates with Clausius’ theorem, and
continues with Boltzmann’s entropy. We will discuss why we can never extract systems as much
work from a system as the thermal energy that we put in. Then we will discuss why the traditional
treatment of partial differentials remains so troublesome, and then provide a simpler understanding
of free energies, which will lend itself to a better possible interpretation of entropy, one that
removes our reliance on the second law. Ultimately, thermodynamics could be a simple
constructive science. Our new interpretations may also have ramifications to our consideration of
global warming.
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